The second phase involved participants carrying around PDAs using Purdue Momentary Assessment Tool (PMAT; details available from the author) software for one week. PDAs signaled and presented participants with questionnaires eight times each day during the hours of noon and midnight. A modified version of the Purdue Momentary Assessment Tool version 2.1.2 (Weiss et al., 2004) was used in the PDA programming. This tool provides time stamps for all data entries and permits responses only within a 15-minute period following an alarm signal.

Conducting Research. These OWL resources will help you conduct research using primary source methods, such as interviews and observations, and secondary source methods, such as books, journals, and the Internet.

Purpose

The Purdue Pegboard aids in the selection and rehabilitation of employees for various types of manual labor by measuring 2 types of dexterity:

Demand-Limiting Assessment Tool (for Small Commercial Buildings) Version 1.07, 8/2010. The Demand-Limiting Assessment Tool (DLAT) evaluates the peak demand reduction, utility cost savings, and comfort impacts associated with the use of building thermal mass for precooling and demand limiting for a limited number of prototypical small commercial. Each survey required approximately 3 min to complete. A modified version of the Purdue Momentary Assessment Tool version 2.1.2 (Weiss et al., 2004) was to deliver the EMA. This tool provides time stamps for all data entries and permits responses only within a 15-minute period following an alarm signal.

1. Gross movements of the fingers, hands and arms.
2. Fine fingertip dexterity necessary in assembly tasks.

Diagnosis/Conditions

• Parkinson's Disease + Neurologic Rehabilitation

• The Purdue Pegboard Test is a rectangular board with 2 sets of 25 holes running vertically and 4 concave cups at the top. Small metal pegs are placed in the cup on the side being tested, with subjects asked to remove the pegs and place them vertically in the holes as rapidly as possible. The number of pegs placed in 30 seconds is scored.
• The original application for the test was for testing the dexterity of industrial workers. It has since been used for testing of dexterity testing within various populations in the clinical setting, including children and adolescents.
• The test takes about 30 seconds per activity for a total of 5-10 minutes including instruction. The test administrator compiles 5 separate scores from the complete test procedure, one for each battery:
  1) Right Hand (30 seconds)
  2) Left Hand (30 seconds)
  3) Both Hands (30 seconds)
  4) Right+Left+Both Hands (This is not an actual test, but a mathematical sum calculation)
  5) Assembly (60 seconds)
  (Lafayette Instrument Company User’s Manual, 2002)

• Purdue Pegboard Test
• Instruction Manual
• Test Board
• Pins, Collars, Washers
• Score Sheets
• At least one testing table approximately 30 inches tall. The subject must be seated throughout the administration of the test.
• Stopwatch

Adolescent

Purdue Momentary Assessment Tool Replacement

13 - 17

Elderly Adult

65 +

Instrument Reviewers

References from the Parkinson’s disease population by Jeffrey Hoder, PT, DPT, NCS and the PD EDGE Task Force of the Neurology section of the APTA

Professional Association Recommendation

Recommendations for use of the instrument from the Neurology Section of the American Physical Therapy Association’s Multiple Sclerosis Taskforce (MSEDGE), Parkinson’s Taskforce (PD EDGE), Spinal Cord Injury Taskforce (PD EDGE), Stroke Taskforce (StrokEDGE), Traumatic Brain Injury Taskforce (TBI EDGE), and Vestibular Taskforce (Vestibular EDGE) are listed below. These recommendations were developed by a panel of research and clinical experts using a modified Delphi process.

For detailed information about how recommendations were made, please visit: http://www.neuropt.org/go/healthcare-professionals/neurology-section-outcome-measures-recommendations

Recommendations Based on Parkinson Disease Hoehn and Yahr stage:

Recommendations for entry-level physical therapy education and use in research:

Considerations

Parkinson’s disease: Strong psychometrics. It is valid and reliable. It has been used in medication trials (Tan, 2003), post neurosurgery (Pal, 2000) and to measure dexterity during off times in PD (Brown, 1998). It was used to test dexterity during dual task performance (Proud, 2010). Correlated strongly to UPDRS total and motor (Proud, 2010). Dexterity decreases with increased severity of disease. Pegboard scores best correlated with bradykinesia and loss of dopamine per PET scan (Vingerhoets, 1997).

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Purdue Momentary Assessment Tool Download

Normative Data

(Tiffin, 1948)

Normative data was established on factory workers who performed manual tasks for their occupation.

Purdue Momentary Assessment Tool Organizer

Bibliography

Brown, R. G. and Jahanshahi, M. (1998). 'An unusual enhancement of motor performance during bimanual movement in Parkinson's disease.' J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 64(6): 813-816. Find it on PubMed

Pal, P. K., Samii, A., et al. (2000). 'Long term outcome of unilateral pallidotomy: follow up of 15 patients for 3 years.' J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 69(3): 337-344. Find it on PubMed

Proud, E. L. and Morris, M. E. (2010). 'Skilled hand dexterity in Parkinson's disease: effects of adding a concurrent task.' Arch Phys Med Rehabil 91(5): 794-799. Find it on PubMed

Tan, E. K., Ratnagopal, P., et al. (2003). 'Piribedil and bromocriptine in Parkinson's disease: a single-blind crossover study.' Acta Neurol Scand 107(3): 202-206. Find it on PubMed

Vingerhoets, F. J., Schulzer, M., et al. (1997). 'Which clinical sign of Parkinson's disease best reflects the nigrostriatal lesion?' Annals of neurology 41(1): 58-64.